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Demeter, the Greek goddess of agriculture, bread, and grain is one of the oldest deities in the ancient Greek pantheon, and not only that, she was an incredibly important one as the goddess that guaranteed the fertility of the earth. With her domain over agriculture, she was an essential deity for those working in farming and vegetation and in Rome, she remained popular and was known as Ceres.

From the Homeric Hymn to Demeter, we have the beginning of the Eleusinian Mysteries, in honour of Demeter and her daughter Kore-Persephone. This myth was symbolic of the changing of seasons, the cycle of life to death to rebirth as seen in summer moving to fall and winter and then the return of life in spring. This cycle became central to the sacred rituals that were part of the Eleusinian Mysteries and it is unsurprising that the sanctuary to Demeter at Eleusis was the most important, with its religious connection dating back to the Mycenaean civilisation of the Bronze Age.

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