The Palermo Stone is among the largest and best preserved of the early royal annals fragments. It takes its name from the city of Palenno, Italy, where it now resides in the Museo Archeologico Regionale. Royal annals are critically important for our historical reconstructions of early Egyptian history as they list significant events for the year over the course of successive kings’ reigns. Unfortunately, because of their fragmentary condition and cursory inscriptions, the royal annals have proven difficult to fully decipher, posing many challenges to the scholars working on them. [X]